一万石未満の武士のうち幕府直属の武士を直参という。例文帳に追加

Among warriors with less than 10,000 koku, those who belonged to the Shogunate were called Jikisan.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

御家人に対して、御目見得以上の家格の直参を旗本という。例文帳に追加

Those retainers who were privileged enough to be granted face-to-face audiences with the shogun were called 'hatamoto.' (direct retainers, lit `flag bearer`)発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

忠綱の早逝後はその弟吉綱に与え、直参旗本とした。例文帳に追加

After the early death of Tadatsuna, the territory was given to his younger brother Yoshitsuna who became the jikisan (immediate) hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

ただし、旗本と御家人の定義は直参のうち謁見できるかどうかであった。例文帳に追加

However, hatamoto (direct retainers) and gokenin (samurai retainers) were differentiated by whether or not they were granted audiences with the shogun.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

中根市之丞（直参旗本、幕末の幕府使節・幕府使節団暗殺事件）例文帳に追加

Ichinojo NAKANE (shogun's direct retainer, member of a bakufu delegation towards the end of the bakufu system and the assassination incident of the bakufu delegation)発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その後、隊士全員が江戸幕府直参に取り立てられ、14歳にして幕臣の身分となる。例文帳に追加

Afterwards, all the members were promoted to immediate retainers of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and he became a Shogun's retainer at the age of 14.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

その後は豊臣秀吉の直参となり、慶長元年（1596年）の慶長伏見地震で圧死した。例文帳に追加

Subsequently, Ichian became a jikisan (immediate retainer) of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI but was crushed to death in the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake in 1596.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

彼らは大名、旗本にとっては直参であり、徳川将軍家からは陪臣となる。例文帳に追加

They were jikisan (immediate retainer) for daimyo and hatamoto, and were baishin for the Tokugawa Shogun family.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

室町時代が終わり、徳川家康の天下が始まるのに合わせて、家康はある事を直参旗本や外様大名に奨励した。例文帳に追加

In time for the end of the Muromachi period and the start of the reign of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, Ieyasu recommended one thing in particular to Jikisan-hatamoto (warriors serves directly to Shogun) and Tozama daimyo (nonhereditary feudal lords).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

豊臣秀吉がまだ近江国長浜城(近江国)主だった頃に直参の黄母衣衆、のちに大母衣衆となり活躍した記録がある。例文帳に追加

One record states that during the time Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI was the lord of Nagahama-jo Castle (Omi Province), Shigekatsu, who served directly under Hideyoshi, was outstanding as kihoroshu and then moved up to ohoroshu.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

秀長の死後を嗣いだ豊臣秀保もまもなく没したため、文禄4年（1595年）に秀吉直参となって伏見に移ることになった。例文帳に追加

Soon after Hidenaga's death, his heir Hideyasu TOYOTOMI also died and Masatsugu became a direct retainer of Hideyoshi in 1595 and moved to Fushimi.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

綱豊が6代将軍となると直参として江戸詰めととなり、西の丸御納戸組頭に任じられた。例文帳に追加

When Tsunatoyo became the sixth Shogun, Takakazu began working for the Edo shogunate and was appointed the Maruonando kumikashira (a job whose duty was to manage the assets belonging to the Shogun's family).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

則義は蕃書調所の小使いから1867年（慶応3年）には同心株を買い、運良く幕府直参となった。例文帳に追加

Noriyoshi began as a servant in the Bansho shirabesho (a government-run Western studies education and research institute) and, by good fortune, became a jikisan (immediate retainer) of the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) by buying a kabu (a right to become doshin) of doshin (a low-ranked official) in 1867.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

室町時代には幕府の奉公衆（番衆）に加えられ直参の御家人となり、摂津の有力国人へと成長する。例文帳に追加

During the Muromachi period being enrolled on the hokoshu (or banshu; the shogunal military guard), the Nose clan became gokenin (immediate vassal of the shogunate) and grew into a powerful local lord in Settsu Province.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

慶応3年6月、新選組総員は幕府直参に取り立てられるが、その際源三郎は副長助勤として七十俵三人扶持を与えられる。例文帳に追加

In July 1867, all members of the Shinsengumi were called into service directly under the Bakufu and, as a Fukucho jokin (assistant vice commander), Genjiro was given 70 bales of rice, an annual "three-man" rice stipend.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

このことは、神秘直感を通じて般若空の真理に直参せんとした大乗仏教中観派の法匠たる龍樹菩薩の教えを忠実にすることに通じるものである。例文帳に追加

This is connected with following the teaching of Ryuju Bosatsu, the master of Chukan School of Mahayana Buddhism, who tried to reach directly the truth of Hannya-ku through mystic instinct.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

室町幕府は御家人制度を採らなかったが、御家人は将軍直参の武士の身分を示す用語としてしばしば用いられ、戦国時代(日本)には転じて一部の戦国大名の家臣を指す言葉となる。例文帳に追加

The Muromachi bakufu did not adopt the gokenin (samurai retainer) system but the word 'gokenin' was frequently used for those samurai who were immediate followers of the shogun, and was a term used to refer to retainers of some daimyo (feudal lords) during the Warring States period.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

御家人は将軍直参の武士の身分を示す用語としてしばしば用いられ、戦国時代(日本)には転じて戦国大名の家臣を指す言葉として使用されることもあった。例文帳に追加

It is frequently used to refer to those samurai who were direct vassals of the shogun, but also came to be used to refer to retainers of daimyo (feudal lords) during the Warring States period (Japan).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

江戸時代には、御家人は知行が1万石未満の徳川将軍家の直参家臣団（直臣）のうち、特に御目見得以下（将軍に直接謁見できない）の家格に位置付けられた者を指す用語となった。例文帳に追加

During the Edo period the term 'Gokenin' came refer to immediate retainers of the Tokugawa Shogun family who held lands of less than 10,000 koku (1 koku = 4.96 bushels): in particular, individuals lacking the rank to be granted a direct audience with the shogun.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

広義の旗本には、狭義の旗本に加えて、200石（200俵）未満で、雪駄履きで馬上となる資格がなく、将軍に謁見できる直参も含まれる。例文帳に追加

In a broad sense, hatamoto included, in addition to the hatamoto in the narrow sense, the direct retainers of shogun who earned less than a less than 200 koku (200 straw bags) of rice crop, wore Setta (Japanese traditional sandals), were not entitled to ride on a horse, but was allowed to have an audience with shogun.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

初め織田氏の家臣・丹羽長秀に仕えたが、天正13年（1585年）に豊臣秀吉の奉公衆に抜擢され、丹羽氏が大減封処分を受けると豊臣氏直参の家臣になった。例文帳に追加

He first served the ODA Clan retainer, Nagahide NIWA, but, in 1585, was promoted to the position of one of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI's Hokoshu (a military post in Muromachi Shogunate) and, after the NIWA domain was severely reduced as punishment, served the TOYOTOMI Clan directly as a retainer.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

豊臣秀長および、養子豊臣秀保に仕えたが、文禄3年（1594年）4月、秀保がにわかに没したのちに豊臣秀吉の直参となり、大和国内（播磨国内という説もあり）にて17000石を領する。例文帳に追加

He served either Hidenaga TOYOTOMI or his adopted son Hideyasu TOYOTOMI however, in April 1594 Hideyasu unexpectedly passed away and he became a direct retainer of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI whereupon he received a 17,000 koku estate in Yamato Province (also thought by some to have been in Harima Province).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

江戸幕府の職制においては、徳川将軍家の直接の家臣を直参と呼んだのに対し、将軍家は、大名や旗本の家臣を「陪臣」と呼んだ。例文帳に追加

In the office organization of the Edo bakufu, direct vassals of the Tokugawa Shogun family were called jikisan (immediate retainer), while the Shogun family called vassals of daimyo (Japanese feudal lord) and hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) 'baishin.'発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

上下関係の確立した江戸時代に於いては、直参は将軍への拝謁が許されていたのに対し、陪臣はたとえ藩で1万石以上と大名並みの石高を有する家老でも拝謁は許されなかった。例文帳に追加

In the Edo period when the superior-inferior relationships were established, jikisan was permitted to have an audience with the shogun, but baishin was not permitted to have an audience with the shogun even if such baishin was Karo (chief retainer) whose clan had a daimyo-level yield of not less than 10,000 koku.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

江戸幕府成立時、徳川氏直参の足軽を全て同心としたため、忍者を祖先とする伊賀同心、甲賀同心、鉄砲組の百人組、郷士の八王子千人同心等、様々な同心職ができた。例文帳に追加

Since all the foot soldiers of the Tokugawa clan's immediate retainers became doshin when the Edo bakufu was established, various sorts of doshin were made; for example, Iga doshin and Koka doshin descended from ninja, a one-hundred matchlock infantry unit, Hachioji thousand doshin of country samurai, and so on.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

越前平定後は、勝家与力として成政らと共に上杉軍と戦うなど北陸地方の平定に従事するが、信長の命により摂津有岡城攻め（有岡城の戦い）、播磨三木城攻め（三木合戦）にも参加しており、信長の直参的役割は続いていたものと思われる。例文帳に追加

After the suppression of Echizen, he was engaged in suppressing the Hokuriku region by fighting against the troops of the Uesugi clan with Narimasa and others as a yoriki of Katsuie, but because he also took part in the attack on Settsu Arioka-jo Castle (the Battle of Arioka-jo Castle) and the attack on Harima Miki-jo Castle (the Battle of Miki), it can be supposed that he continued to have a role like a direct retainer of Nobunaga.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

しかし、武田氏衰亡と共に依田信薫も家康に味方し、松井宗直系の遠州松井氏は再び徳川氏に帰参したと思われ、以後上州丸子河原合戦で戦功をあげて徳川直参旗本松井氏となる。例文帳に追加

However, Nobushige YODA gradually took the side of Ieyasu as the Takeda clan was going to ruin and the Enshu-Matsui clan who were lineal descendants of Munenao MATSUI seemed to have returned to service of the Tokugawa clan, thereafter, the Enshu-Matsui clan received credit during the Battle of Joshu-Marukogawara and became the Matsui clan of Tokugawa jikisan (direct subordinate of Tokugawa) and Hatamoto (direct retainer of the shogun).発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

同時代資料としては、慶応3年6月10日に新選組が見廻組として幕府直参となった際の名簿や、同年12月12日付『同志連名記』（永倉新八）、慶応4年1月20日に土方歳三が作成した人員名簿、果ては函館戦争後に中島登によって描かれた『戦友絵姿』などにも、結城有無之助の在籍を確認出来ない。例文帳に追加

They could not determine Umunosuke YUKI being registered in any historical documents at that time, nor on the list of names of when the Shinsengumi became the direct servant for the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) under the name of the Mimawarigumi on June 10, 1867, a record from December 12 of the same year in "Doshi Renmeiki" (written by Shinpachi NAGAKURA), the list of members created by Toshizo HIJIKATA on January 20, 1868, or "Senyu Esugata" (Painting about my fellow soldiers) painted by Nobori NAKAJIMA after the Battle of Hakodate.発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス

曾孫にあたる佐藤栄作は『今日は明日の前日』という自伝の冒頭に｢私の家はもともと毛利氏の家臣で萩市に住んでいた。（中略）曽祖父は毛利家本藩の直参だったのだがあまり格の高いものではなかったようだ。しかし､いまから考えると当時の革新派で毛利藩が九州に出兵した時などはその攻撃軍に加わっている。そんなことで明治維新の後は島根県の県令になった｣と書いている。例文帳に追加

His great-grandson Eisaku SATO wrote at the beginning of his autobiography "Kyowa Ashitano Zenjitsu" (Today is the day before tomorrow) that "my ancestors were originally vassals of the Mori clan and were living in Hagi City (omission), my great-grandfather was serving directly the main Mori clan, however he was not at a high rank, yet, thinking about it now, he was a reformist at that time and when the Mori clan went to fight in Kyushu, he joined in the attacking force, after the Meiji Restoration he became the governor of Shimane Prefecture."発音を聞く  - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス